Civil Engineering

• Municipal Infrastructure Design
• Land Development Services
• Construction Management & Observation
• Road Design & Traffic Analysis
• Water Supply, Distribution & Treatment
• Wastewater Collection & Treatment
• Storm Water Drainage & Flood Control
• Site Grading
• Revegetation & Erosion Control
• Land Use Constraint Mapping
• Dams & Reservoirs
• Groundwater
• Irrigation Systems
• Solid Waste & Environmental Services

Surveying

• Aerial Mapping Control
• ALTA/ASCM Survey
• As-Built Survey
• Construction Surveying
• Easement & Right-of-Way Survey
• Improvement Location Certificate
• Mining Survey
• Monument Establishment, Restoration & Rehabilitation
• Property Boundary Survey
• Property Improvement Survey
• Subdivision Surveying
• Topographic Survey

What is a Monument:

Monuments are markers placed in the field using precise measuring devices and surveying techniques representing nothing more than a point in space. Monuments are used to show property corners, tract corners, flood control elevations, section corners for the public land survey system, rights-of-way, state and national boundary lines, and benchmarks for a wide variety of uses including navigation and GPS systems. Monuments can be anything from a brass or aluminum cap with a surveyor's number printed on it to a rock with an "X" chiseled into it by a pioneer in the 1800's.

From time to time, monuments become lost, destroyed, or obliterated and a property owner or developer would require a surveyor to relocate and restore the monument. According to Colorado State Law, public land survey monuments that are destroyed must be restored during the process of submitting a boundary survey or subdivision plat.

Aluminimum Cap at a Section Corner

Stone with "X" marking Section Corner

More Information:

• The Virtual Museum of Surveying includes two well written articles on the difference between a Metes & Bounds Survey and the Public Land Survey System and the origins of the Public Land Survey System.
• The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory has a nice article describing benchmarks and their uses.